作者：宁宣凤 柴志峰 宫婷 张天杰 金杜律师事务所商务合规部
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日，国家发展和改革委员会价格监督检查与反垄断局（国家发改委价监局）对外公布了2016年在价格监管与反垄断领域的工作重点。相关详细内容披露于3月4日国家发改委价监局发表的“2016年价格监管与反垄断工作要点”[1]一文中。其中，在商品领域，发改委将密切关注药品、医疗器械、汽车和零配件、及工业原材料等。在服务领域，发改委将密切关注海运、电信以及金融。而与知识产权相关的领域也将是发改委的执法重点。
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A Snapshot of Developments in NDRC’s Antitrust Enforcement and Legislation from 2011-2015
By Susan Ning, Hazel Yin, Yangdi Zhao King & Wood Mallesons’ Commercial & Regulatory Group
Th
e 12th Five-Year-Plan period (2011-2015) has witnessed intense antitrust enforcement efforts by the Chinese antitrust regulators. Recently, the National Development and Reform Commission (“NDRC”), the price-related antitrust regulator in China released a summary report on its achievements during the past five years. In particular, a total of 97 price-related antitrust cases were concluded, and the fines imposed and illegal gains confiscated amount to approximately RMB 10.4 billion yuan. Among the 97 cases, 29 were handled by NDRC directly and 68 by its local counterparts. 76 cases related to monopoly agreements, 13 concern abuses of market dominance, and 8 involve administrative monopolies.
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Highlights of the Draft Amendment to China’s Anti-Unfair Competition Law: Abuse of a Comparatively Advantageous Position
By Susan Ning, Hazel Yin, Han Wu, Lingbo Wei King & Wood Mallesons’ Commercial & Regulatory Group
Overview
On February 25th 2016, the State Council published the Anti-Unfair Competition Law (Draft Amendment) (the law hereinafter the “AUCL”, the draft amendment hereinafter the “Draft”) for public comments. Certain issues have arisen since the implementation of AUCL in 1993, for example, new types of unfair competitive behaviors have been under-regulated and the penalties do not have enough deterrent effects. Also, since 2008, the enactment of the Antitrust-Monopoly Law (“AML”) has resulted in overlaps and inconsistent standards of application.
The Draft not only clarifies some traditional anti-unfair competition behaviors listed in the AUCL, but also provides regulation of new types of unfair competition conducts. The current AUCL has 5 chapters 33 articles while the Draft involves amendment to 30 articles. The Draft strikes out 7 articles, adds 9 articles, and totals 35 articles. It mainly amends and improves 6 behaviors (passing off, commercial bribery, misleading advertising, infringement of business secret, sales with giveaway and commercial defamation), and adds two behaviors (abuse of comparatively advantageous position and unfair competition on the internet). Additionally, the draft substantially increases penalties on unfair competition behaviors.
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新规解析丨医药公司公益性捐赠与商业贿赂的一线之隔
第一个针对联合抵制的行政处罚决定：请谨慎对待联合排他性交易
行使知识产权的反垄断安全港：范围、标准及其与其他法律法规的关系需要进一步细化
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15年4月7日，国家工商行政管理总局（工商总局）正式颁布《关于禁止滥用知识产权排除、限制竞争行为的规定》（工商知产反垄断规定）。这是具体实施中国《反垄断法》第五十五条所确认的知识产权领域一般原则的首部规则。工商知产反垄断规定引入安全港机制以确认某些与知识产权相关限制的合法性。
2015年，国务院反垄断委员会授权四家机构，负责起草关于禁止滥用知识产权的反垄断指南。其中，工商总局于2016年2月5日公布其知产反垄断指南草稿的第七稿（工商知产反垄断指南），国家发展和改革委员会（发改委）则于2015年12月31日公布其草稿的第二稿（发改委知产反垄断指南）。工商总局与发改委的知产反垄断指南均设有知识产权领域的安全港制度。
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聚焦反不正当竞争法修订草案：滥用相对优势地位行为
作者：宁宣凤 尹冉冉 吴涵 卫凌波 金杜律师事务所商务合规部
2016年2月25日，国务院法制办公室公布了《反不正当竞争法（修订草案送审稿）》（以下简称“送审稿”）。现行《反不正当竞争法》自1993年实施以来，在实践中不可避免地出现了新型不正当竞争行为缺少规范、处罚力度过弱等问题。2008年《反垄断法》实施后，两部竞争法律之间还存在法律条文重复、适用标准不一致的问题。
送审稿不仅完善了现行反不正当竞争法罗列的不正当竞争行为，同时结合市场实践，对于新型不正当竞争行为进行规制。现行反不正当竞争法共5章33条，送审稿修改内容涉及现行法30条，其中删除7条，新增9条，共35条。送审稿主要修订完善了六种行为（市场混淆行为，商业贿赂行为，引人误解的宣传，侵犯商业秘密，有奖促销行为和损害商誉行为），新增了两类行为（滥用相对优势地位和网络不正当竞争行为）。此外送审稿还显著提高了现行反不正当竞争法的处罚力度。
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The establishment of Fair Competition Review in China
By Susan Ning, Chai Zhifeng, Gong Ting, Zhang Tianjie King & Wood Mallesons’ Commercial & Regulatory Group
Regulated by Chapter V of the Anti-monopoly law (“AML”), abuse of an administrative monopoly is interpreted as a kind of abuse of administrative powers to grant favourable conditions to preferred enterprises at the expense of others. Up to now, the National Development and Reform Commission (“NDRC”) has published 6 cases about the antitrust enforcement against administrative monopoly. The most recent case concerns the Gansu Provincial Department of Transport affiliate, Gansu Provincial Transport Bureau, for its alleged abuse of administrative power to restrict competition. The local transport regulator was found to have appointed China Satellite Navigation and Communication as the sole supplier of vehicle terminals for the platform, and set the price of the terminals. The typical alleged abuses involved in these cases include exclusive dealing in favour of a locally owned enterprise or imposing discriminatory requirements for non-local enterprises.
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Highlights of Recent Legislation in connection with China’s Anti-monopoly Law
By Susan Ning, Ting Gong, Kate Peng King&Wood Mallesons’ Commercial & Regulatory Group
From late 2015 to early 2016, we notice that China’s Anti-monopoly law regime has continued to gain momentum with an intensified legislative effort. It is reported that altogether six guidelines are expected to be issued by the Anti-monopoly Commission of the State Council in 2016, namely, the guidelines on the interface between intellectual property (“IP”) rights and antitrust; the guidelines on leniency programme; the guidelines on commitments by undertakings under antitrust investigation; the guidelines for the motor vehicle sector; the guidelines on calculation of illegal gains and fines; and the guidelines on procedures for exemption application in relation to monopoly agreements.
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The Antitrust Safe Harbor for Exercising IPRs: More Details are Needed for its Scope, Thresholds and Compatibility
By Susan Ning, Kate Peng and Weiqing Qiu King & Wood Mallesons’ Commercial & Regulatory Group
On April 7, 2015, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce (“SAIC”) officially published the Rules on Prohibition of Abuses of Intellectual Property Rights for the Purposes of Eliminating or Restricting Competition (“SAIC IP Rules”). This is the first set of rules to implement the general principles recognized by Article 55 of China’s Anti-Monopoly Law (“AML”) in the IPR sector. The SAIC IP Rules introduce a safe harbor mechanism which validates certain intellectual property right (“IPR”) related restraints.
During 2015, the Antitrust Committee under the State Council entrusted four authorities with drafting the Antitrust Guidelines regarding Prohibition of Intellectual Property Abuse (“IP Guidelines”). Amongst the four authorities, SAIC published its seventh version of draft IP Guidelines on February 5 2016 (“draft SAIC IP Guidelines”) and the National Development and Reform Commission (“NDRC”) published their second draft on December 31, 2015 (“draft NDRC IP Guidelines”). Both the SAIC and NDRC draft IP Guidelines set out an IPR sector safe harbor.
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