compliance

Subscribe to compliance via RSS

By Susan Ning and Kate Peng

Since the enactment of the China’s Anti-Monopoly Law (“AML“), the State Administration of Industry and Commerce (“SAIC“) and the National Development and Reform Commission (“NDRC“) have investigated into a number of cases that raise competition concerns and have imposed penalties on some companies within their respective authorities.  Please see our previously published articles including “First Public Enforcement Decision by SAIC against concrete manufacturers“, “Earlier Rumor Confirmed: China Telecom and China Unicom under Antitrust Investigation“, “NDRC Fined Two Pharmaceutical Companies for Abusive Conducts“, “Price Related Breaches of the AML and the Price Law -How Many Public Cases Have There Been?“, etc.

According to Article 46 and 47 of the AML, if a business operator reaches and executes a monopoly agreement or abuses its dominant market position, the anti-monopoly enforcement agencies can impose the following penalties:Continue Reading FAQs about Administrative Review of Antitrust Enforcement Decision

By Susan Ning and Huang Jing

On June 6, 2012, the Ministry of Commerce (“MOFCOM“) promulgates the new merger filing form (the “New Form“).  Filings submitted after July 7, 2012 should use this New Form.  The New Form is more than just a formal change.  MOFCOM has condensed its three and a half years of experience since the first filing form of January 2009 into the new form.  It contains requests for additional information and guidelines on some substantive issues of merger filling.

 The definition of “operator to the concentration”

Before the promulgation of the New Form, the definition of an “operator to the concentration” is one of the major unsolved issues related to merger control review in China. 
Continue Reading MOFCOM New Merger Filing Form-Clarification on Major Filing Issues

By Susan Ning and Hazel Yin

On June 15, 2012, the Ministry of Commerce (“MOFCOM”) approved the acquisition of Goodrich Corporation (“Goodrich”) by United Technologies Corporation (“UTC”) subject to the divestment of the electronic systems business of Goodrich.  Both companies are headquartered in the United States and active in the production and sale of aviation equipment.  This marks the fourth conditional clearance issued by MOFCOM in the first half of 2012 and the only case where the core remedies are structural.

 Review Process.  MOFCOM received the notification on December 12, 2011 and officially accepted it on February 6, 2012.  A Phase 2 investigation was opened on March 2 and extended on May 31, which was set to expire on July 30. 
Continue Reading MOFCOM Approves UTC’s Acquisition of Goodrich with Divestiture Requirement

By Susan Ning,Liu Jia and Hazel Yin

On 3 May 2012,China’s Supreme People’s Court issued the Rules of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in Hearing Civil Cases Caused by Monopolistic Conduct ("Rules").The Rules contain 16 articles covering standing of plaintiffs,jurisdiction,burden of proof,evidentiary rules,expert witness,the judicial process, form of civil liabilities and the statute of limitations.The Rules entered into force on 1 June 2012.

Compared to the draft Rules released last year for public comments ("Draft Rules")1,the Rules contain fewer articles and remain silent on a few issues that were previously addressed in the Draft Rules.This article discusses the major provisions in the Rules.Continue Reading Supreme Court of China Issues Judicial Interpretation Governing Private Antitrust Litigations

By Susan Ning and Hazel Yin

On May 19, 2012, MOFCOM cleared, with conditions, Google’s acquisition of Motorola Mobility ("Motorola"), a USD 12.5 billion deal and the largest ever in Google’s M&A history.  The deal was announced in August 15, 2011 and obtained unconditional approval from the United States’ Department of Justice and the European Commission in February 2012.  This article outlines the major points of MOFCOM’s conditional clearance decision of the Google/Motorola deal  ("Decision").Continue Reading MOFCOM Cleared Google/Motorola Deal with Conduct Remedies

By Susan Ning and Hazel Yin

On April 18, the Guangdong Higher People’s Court held the first court hearing for the abuse of dominance action filed by Qihoo(the operator of 360 safety software)against Tencent(the operator of QQ instant messaging software)under the Anti-Monopoly Law ("AML"). Qihoo accused Tencent for abusing its dominance in the market of online instant communications services and claimed damages of RMB 150,000,000. The court hearing lasted for more than 8 hours, and attracted an audience of almost 400 people. 

As requested by the court, the hearing was divided into four sessions, dedicated to each of the four issues: market definition, dominant position, abusive conducts and legal liabilities.  The hearing focused on the first three issues and both sides called in expert witnesses and had fierce debates over each of these issues.Continue Reading 360 v. QQ-Abuse of Dominance Action Tried at Guangdong Higher Court

By Susan Ning, Liu Jia and Huang Jing

On April 24, 2012, TV.SOHU.COM, v.QQ.COM,and iQIYI.COM (the specialized video website of Baidu)jointly announced the establishment of an alliance called "Video Content Cooperation" (VCC) for vedio copyright joint purchasing. The VCC is viewed as another "faction" after the recent combination of Youku and Tudou. It is reported that the main purpose of the VCC is to jointly purchasing the copy right for their own each website.1  

TV.SOHU.COM, v.QQ.COM, and iQIYI.COM are all internet video websites and are close competitors. Their cooperation may affect the competition status in the market. This article will analyze under the Anti-Monopoly Law (AML) whether joint purchase arrangement could constitute "horizontal monopoly agreement".Continue Reading Joint purchasing under the AML-SOHU, QQ and Baidu launched Video Content Cooperation Alliance

By Susan Ning, Zheng Ziqing and Wu Han

On March 12, two Chinese Internet video giants Youku and Tudou announced that the two companies have signed a final agreement on March 11 to combine their services in a 100% stock-for-stock transaction to create a new service provider, Youku Tudou Inc, allowing Tudou to exit the stock market.

After the combination, Youku’s shareholders and holders of its American Depository Receipts (ADRs) will have 71.5% of equity of the new company, with Tudou’s shareholders and its ADR holders entitled to 28.5% of the combined equity. Youku’s ADRs, under the symbol of "YOKU", will continue to be listed on the New York Stock Exchange.Continue Reading Launch of Youku Tudou Inc.

By Susan Ning, Wu Han, and Sun Yiming

On 13 March, Mr. Zhang Guangyuan, Deputy Director of the Anti-monopoly Bureau of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) spoke on the latest development of NDRC’s antitrust investigation on China Telecom and China Unicom. Mr.Zhang said that the two companies have so far completed a 100G bandwidth expansion and committed to further reduce the internet access service charges. The Anti-monopoly Bureau of the NDRC will continue to press for rectification and reform of the two companies.

This investigation was initiated last April, targeting at China Telecom and China Unicom for their alleged abuse of market dominance in the Internet access market by administering price discrimination against different Internet service providers (ISPs)1. On December 2, 2011, the two companies publicized statement on their websites saying they have submitted applications to the NRDC for suspension of the antitrust investigation and decided to correct their misconduct, but NDRC demanded more concrete pledges.Continue Reading Latest Development re NDRC’s Antitrust Investigation against China Telecom