On 1 January 2019, the Supreme People’s Court (“SPC”) officially established an appellate-level intellectual property tribunal (“SPC IP Tribunal”), which is somewhat similar to the US Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit in terms of its function and role, in accordance with the Decision of the Standing Committee of National People’s Congress on Several Issues Concerning Litigation Procedures of Patent and other IP Cases dated 26 October 2018.
Continue Reading China Established a Centralized IP Appellate Tribunal

When sending red packets on WeChat or making purchases on Taobao for the first few times, one might have this question in mind or for their friends: is it reliable, sending or receiving money with just a tap on the smartphone or a click of the mouse? They are no magic, just increasingly popular applications of electronic signature, or e-signature, in our daily life in an era of Internet and digital technology. In addition to the e-commerce scenarios above, it is already a common practice to transmit and retain files in electronic formats for business activities. However, legal instruments which are customarily regarded as more rigorous than e-commerce transactions are still generally forbidden or unnoticed for the application of electronic signature. In practice, when it is required to execute legal instruments officially, people would still print them out and affix their seals or signatures physically as they traditionally do. This would inevitably incur significant time costs for the execution process. Moreover, given the persistent issue of “fake stamps”, this time-consuming traditional approach may not necessarily render a higher reliability.
Continue Reading A Comprehensive Guide to Electronic Signature, from a Legal Perspective

In December 2018, People’s Republic of Hungary (“Hungary”) issued RMB 2 billion panda bonds in China with tenor of 3 years. The bonds were actively subscribed by onshore and offshore investors. The final coupon rate was 4.30%, and the offshore orders totaled RMB 390 million.
Continue Reading KWM advised on the successful issuance in China of RMB 2 billion Panda Bonds by Hungary

Regulation of audio-visual media

Licensing of broadcasting

The key regulatory framework is the licensing and regulation of broadcasting by the Australian Communications and Media Authority (ACMA) under the Broadcasting Services Act 1992 (Cth) (BSA). There are various licences, for example, commercial free-toair television and radio and international broadcasting services delivered from Australia.
Continue Reading Doing Business in AU | Communications and Media